Power Distribution Systems

Power distribution systems mean the system of generating stations, wires (either suspended from electricity pylons or buried underground), busbars and transformers which ensure that consumers receive a regular and uninterrupted power supply. In most countries the power reaches them at 220-240 volts. The primary distribution network is the one used to step down medium-voltage power via transformers near buildings. With their increased power needs, factories might take their supply direct from the primary distribution or at subtransmission level. Once the voltage has been reduced, the power goes to a busbar. This secondary distribution system can send the electricity in multiple directions to individual residences. The two main configurations are radial and network. Radial means that each customer has only one source of power so there must be emergency connections in case of a malfunction. The other has multiple sources operating in parallel. Spot networks are used for concentrated loads. The power distribution system is vital for all properties, whether they are public or private residences and whether the buildings are commercial or industrial. In cases when a power cut might cause loss of life such as hospitals, arrangements are made to install a standby auxiliary power source like a generator.