Access Design & Safety Ltd

Design Brief: 

To provide a fully boarded access scaffold to the perimeter of the building & provide a full temporary roof + side sheeting for weather protection.

Design Brief:
Provide design drawings for a full access scaffold and Ubix temporary roof over the Willow Ward at Northampton General Hospital. Complicated by having to bridge over adjacent and adjoining buildings and limited opportunities to tie to the main structure.

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Download your digital copy of our Temporary Roof Design Brief Template.

Either keep the PDF for your own reference, share it with others, or complete the document and send it back to us via email info@designsafe.co.uk

Please be aware we specialise in scaffold designs and calculations. We do not erect or install the scaffolding.  Submit your details to receive your free Temporary Roof Design Brief. 

Temporary Roof Design Brief Template

No matter the size or nature of your scaffolding project, the safety and durability of the scaffold is essential. Sometimes supplementary couplers are used to ensure the safety and strength of a scaffolding structure. So, what exactly are supplementary check couplers and what do Eurocodes say about them?
Click here to see if your Scaffold Design meets TG20:13 guidelines!

What Are Supplementary Check Couplers?

Supplementary couplers are included in a scaffolding structure when the estimated working force in a scaffolding connection point is exceeding its capacity. Although scaffolding couplers are designed to hold tubes firmly in place and not move, if too much load is placed on them, they will slip along the tube. By introducing a second coupler, called a supplementary coupler placed in direct contact next to the original coupler, they work together to distribute the load. Care must be taken to ensure the supplementary coupler is positioned on the correct side of the original fitting depending on the direction of force.
 

Why Are Supplementary Check Couplers Useful?

If the force that is exerted at the connection point between two tubes is greater than the slip capacity of the fitting, the scaffolding structure will be unsafe for use. This will ultimately cause project delays if the problem is identified or create huge personnel risks if the problem is unidentified. Supplementary couplers are useful in scaffolding where there are likely to be higher load forces, such as lifting gantries and loading towers. Supplementary couplers are also recommended for suspended or underslung scaffolds, even if the forces are within the capacity of a single fitting. This should be observed in situations where only a single fitting is preventing a working platform from falling a distance greater than 2.0m. As a precaution against a coupler not being tightened properly a supplementary coupler should be added under the main fitting where the ledger is fixed to the puncheon or vertical member. In this situation it is known as a check coupler.

What Do Eurocodes Say About Supplementary Check Couplers?

It is important to be aware of the European code regulation for supplementary check couplers as there is some debate in the scaffolding industry about the load distribution between the couplers and how much additional load a supplementary check coupler will take. Eurocodes specify that the second coupler is only able to take 50% of the load capacity of the original coupler. For example, if the first coupler has a slip value of 10kN, the second is only able to take an additional 5kN. There is some contradiction between Eurocodes and TG20:13 scaffolding guidelines, as Eurocodes state that ordinary Class A couplers have a higher initial value than stated in TG20:13. Eurocodes give the allowable slip value of a Class A coupler as 10kN and therefore a supplementary coupler will allow another 5kN giving a total of 15kN for the pair. TG20:13 gives a downrated slip value of 6.1kN for the main fitting, so it could be argued that it is acceptable to consider the full 100% of the slip value for a supplementary coupler as this would still only give a total slip value of 12.20kN for the pair, some 2.8kN less than stated in the Eurocodes.

Should I Include Supplementary Check Couplers In My Scaffolding?

Generally supplementary couplers are not required for standard scaffolds erected within the parameters of a TG20:13 compliance sheet. Where a scaffold has been designed the designer will indicate the use of supplementary couplers if/where required. Supplementary couplers should be used under the boarded platform for suspended or underslung scaffolds.

For more information about scaffolding in construction and the scaffolding design and checking services offered by Access Design & Safety Ltd, do not hesitate to contact a member of our knowledgeable, expert team today!

n general, most scaffolds need to be tied to an existing permanent structure. There are exceptions where there is a necessity for a scaffold to be designed without any ties. Usually this involves adding buttress bays and may also include the need for counterweights. Most scaffolds, however, require some form of tying arrangement, whether that’s a wall, a column or exposed steelwork.

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Why are ties important?

Ties are required to give stability to the scaffold as most scaffolds have a small width to height ratio making them unstable in a free-standing condition. But ties are also required to give strength to the standards to allow them to carry the weight of the structure and any loads applied to the boarded platforms, without buckling.

How often should a scaffold be tied in?

The number of ties required for a scaffold depends on several factors, including its height, exposure to wind & whether it is clad with debris netting or sheeting. Scaffolds often benefit from a reduced exposure to wind by being shielded by the structure they are tied to when the wind direction is acting away from the building, however the wind exposure is increased where scaffolds are tied to an open structure such as a steel frame, which can have an adverse effect on the number of ties and the required load capacity of each tie. For scaffolds where there are restrictions on how often it can be tied in, such as scaffolds tied at floor levels or at column positions, special consideration must be given to the type of ties being used and how the forces are transferred back to the tie positions.

Common tie methods

There a variety of ways a scaffold may be tied to an existing structure. Below we explore some of the most common tying in methods.

Through Ties

These are put through openings in the structure, such as windows or doorways. Bridal tubes are positioned crossing the opening on the inside & outside faces. Tie tubes are then attached, which go through the opening and connect to the main scaffolding structure. Timber packing is often used to ensure the bridal tubes are in good contact with the wall and cannot move. Sometimes Ladder Beams or Alu Beams may be used instead of bridal tubes for large openings or where tie positions are spaced further apart.

Reveal Ties

Like through ties, reveal ties use an opening in the structure, however the reveal tubes are wedged between the horizontal or vertical faces of the opening, this is often achieved by using an adjustable base which is opened until the reveal tube is securely wedged in place. Tie tubes are then attached from the reveal tubes back to the main scaffold structure. As these types of ties rely solely on the frictional resistance between the reveal tubes and the opening. The effectiveness of reveal ties can vary depending on how tightly the tubes are wedged in place and are considered to be the least secure type of tie. As such no more than half of a scaffold’s ties should be reveal ties.

Box Ties

Box ties attach to suitable structures such as columns or beams. Two tie tubes are positioned either side of the column or beam connecting onto two more tubes across the front and rear to form a “box” around the column or beam. Two of these four tubes extend onto the main scaffold structure.

Lip Ties

Lip ties are similar to box ties but are used where it is impossible to form a complete box around the structure. Instead lip ties are formed from three tubes that hook onto the structure such as a column or wall. Lip ties are often used to tie onto parapet walls at the top of buildings.

Drill Fix/Bolt Ties

Not always possible to use, these are ties that are fitted into holes drilled into the structure itself. There are many types of drill fix ties, so we have compiled a handy guide. Just follow the link at the end of this article to download your free copy. 

Ground Anchoring

Scaffolds that cannot be tied to an existing structure must be stabilised with the use of buttresses and if necessary, counterweights, however as an alternative to counterweights it may be possible for the scaffold to be anchored down to the ground instead. If the scaffold is sat on concrete or another type of sufficiently hard surface, then it may be possible to anchor the scaffold down using drill fix ties, however, if the ground is soft it may still be possible to anchor the scaffold down using specialist ground anchors. There are no regulations regarding ground anchoring, but they are required to withstand the uplift forces from the scaffold which must be calculated by a competent scaffold designer. The appropriate ground anchor should then be selected depending on the loads & ground conditions and should be installed by the ground anchor supplier.

Drill Fix Ties Guide

Download our free drill fix tie guide here

No matter the type of ties you choose, be sure to do your research in order to ensure maximum safety on your site. For advice on ties or scaffold design guidelines, you can contact us on 01384 459090 or info@designsafe.co.uk

The latest of the TG20 amendments, TG20:13, came out in 2014. It was created by the NASC (National Access & Scaffolding Confederation) and aims to impose a good, universal level of consistency in the use of tube and fittings scaffolds. Though it is not a statutory necessity, the TG20 guidelines are taken among contractors and scaffolders to be a core value of their trade. Not only this, following TG20 guidelines ensure that you comply with the Work at Heights Regulations 2005, which is a legal requirement. TG20 guidance covers an array of standard scaffolds such as tied independent access scaffolds, Loading bays, Internal birdcages and more, however TG20:13 does not cover all scaffolds. When it comes to temporary ramps there is no guidance within TG20:13 to fall back on, so a temporary ramp must be constructed from a bespoke design. Here is a quick rundown of some important aspects to consider.

Design

Before any work is started it’s important to have a design for your ramp as it is not considered to be a standard scaffold within TG20:13. The design must be completed by a competent person(s), and take into consideration the rigidity, lifespan, stability and use of the ramp. 

Size and purpose

It’s important to consider the size and purpose of the ramp. For instance, if a ramp is being used for the transportation of a vehicle or heavy machinery then it’s crucial to consider the weights of these items, and how their weight is distributed and transferred onto the ramp. For example, a ramp designed for a forklift truck with 4no wheels may be different to a ramp designed for a digger with 2no tracks, even if the weight of both vehicles is the same. This is because the bearing area and spacing of the wheels or tracks may be different giving different loading conditions, so the size of any wheels or tracks and the distances between them along with the weight, are all crucial pieces of information that must be made available to the designer. Often this information can be found within the manufacture’s specification for commercial vehicles. If a ramp is not being used to transport heavy machinery it is still important to consider the purpose of the ramp to ensure it’s designed to support an appropriate load.

Allowable slope angles for ramps

At present there is no guidance for the allowable slope angle for a ramp where the ramp is being used by site operatives. In this situation the main contractor must decide what they feel is an acceptable angle for the particular purpose of the ramp. Where a ramp is being used to transport a vehicle, the main contractor should seek advice from the vehicle manufacturer to ensure the ramp angle is within it’s operating parameters.

Where a ramp is being used by the general public the ramp should be designed to comply with building regulations for wheelchair access. These regulations do give clear guidance on the allowable angle for ramps; however, these angles are very shallow and become even more shallow for longer ramps. There is also a limit to how long a ramp can be before a level landing area is required. This means it’s not a straightforward process to calculate the required length of a ramp for wheelchair access and careful consideration is required to ensure there is adequate space available.      

For more information contact Access Design & Safety Ltd, where we can help you create safe ramps and scaffolding designs that are compliant with all the relevant guidance & codes. You can contact us on 01384 459090 or info@designsafe.co.uk

In 2019, BSI produced a fully revised and updated version of BS 5975, the code of practice businesses are recommended to comply with for temporary works procedures as well as stress design of falsework & formwork on-site. The first major revision since 2011, this significant update has provided further recommendation and guidance for the safety and control surrounding a vast range of construction projects. New advice has been included, as well as several smaller updates to bring the standard up to scratch for modern-day purposes.

While much of the existing material is still relevant, this update provides some much-needed insight and essential upgrades to specific areas that needed additional polish. To meet the needs of an evolving and ever-changing sector, BSI recognises that regular updates are in their best interests – not to mention the interests of contractors. As such, this latest update has addressed some of the concerns about weaker areas within the 2011 version of BS 5975, providing better recommendations and further clarity to the Temporary Works process as a whole.

What Is BS 5975?

With practical insights and guidelines included for specifications, construction, design and even dismantling of falsework, this comprehensive framework ensures higher standards of safety for workers, as well as for the general public and other on-site individuals. BS 5975 is divided into three specific sections:

Section 1

This section supplies recommendations and guidelines for training and education surrounding the use of falsework and temporary structures.

Section 2

This section provides recommendations and guidelines for procedures that should be in place for the design, specification, construction, use and dismantling of falsework in all construction projects. This includes further guidance for complex projects that require additional procedures and control measures, such as major infrastructure works, to ensure the role of all participants are covered – from construction management to designers and clients.

Section 3

This section provides guidelines for the design and materials utilised within falsework, including equipment usage, load factors, wind loading and structural design. Section 3 is primarily designed to work alongside other existing industry standards for the design and structure of falsework.

Who Is BS 5975 For?

If you or your business works with temporary structures such as scaffolding in any capacity, then BS 5975 is relevant to you. Companies that are in line with the standards and regulations provided under this framework show a higher standard of safety and a better awareness of the transparent processes to manage temporary works on-site properly. The standard is designed to be widely used over many different industries and construction areas, making it a versatile solution for many works.

BSI specifically defines its standard as a useful tool for:

Clients working with formwork and falsework

Sub-contractors and principal contractors

Designers for temporary or permanent works

Suppliers of temporary works equipment

Construction management bodies and companies

Construction engineers, both general and specialised

Infrastructure and energy contractors and services

Consultants for falsework and the construction industry

Training providers for falsework and the construction industry

Government agencies with a focus on construction and development

Health and safety officers and advisors

Local councils and authorities, including inspectors

University and college educators

With such a broad scope of use for the BS 5975 standard, it’s easy to see why this vital guideline needs frequent updates to stay relevant and on-point for all the areas in which recommendations and insight are provided. While not all parts of the standard will be suitable for all areas and industries, a comprehensive guideline can ensure that all avenues are covered, and companies and services of all shapes and sizes can adhere to the defined standard.

What Has Changed In The 2019 Revision?

BS 5975:2019 includes several distinct changes in comparison to the previous model used. Specifically, sections 1 and 2 are revised to meet current industry standards better, regulations and the changing environment for workers in the construction industry. By contrast, section 3 has remained largely the same. The main changes to note are:

Updates of terms and definitions to meet current industry standards

Revised details about the processes that clients, permanent and temporary work designers should follow

Updates to fall in line with the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations, as defined in 2015 – especially in terms of the design of permanent and temporary works

The addition of the option for additional contract managers to appoint a temporary works coordinator, in addition to the principal TWC who holds overall responsibility

In addition to these significant changes, several smaller changes were included as part of the update, modernising training recommendations, specifying responsibilities and better complying with additional regulations and standards. With BS 5975 remaining the standard in temporary structure construction and management, these changes won’t make a considerable amount of difference to the average contractor or developer. Instead, small alterations like these are designed to ensure the relevance of the broader standard for years to come.

What Do These Changes Mean For Working With Temporary Structures?

None of the changes included in the update are direct alterations to existing processes and procedures. However, this modernisation and inclusion of additional guidelines help to support modern construction businesses. This is especially true where older systems may no longer apply, as well as specific terminology that is no longer used. For those working in the industry, it’s well worth taking a closer look at the new code of practice – but if you’re already familiar with the overall framework, you’re already halfway there.

As an overall standard that’s widely used to ensure the safety of contractors and construction workers, it’s well worth taking a closer look at the guidelines in detail. If you’re looking for a business that takes BS 5975:2019 seriously, then Access Design is your ideal choice. As a nationwide scaffolding design company, we’re more than familiar with the requirements of BS 5975 and are fully compliant with all safety regulations and requirements for scaffolding on-site. Doing the job correctly is our number one priority, which means meeting and adhering to all required standards to the letter. Contact us today to find out more.

Roofing edge protection is equipment designed to protect against falls, most commonly used during the construction of residential or commercial buildings. It commonly consists of a toe board, and primary guard rail and secondary intermediate rail. The Edge Protection Federation describes its purpose as 'to prevent people or objects from falling to a lower level'. There are actually many different types of edge protection on the market, but there are regulations to be followed for different types of roof.

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The legislation in question is the European Standard of Temporary Edge Protection - EN 13374. This is designed to ensure all edge protection solutions meet exacting standards of safety and performance and applies to edge protection systems for both flat and inclined surfaces. The requirements specify three classes of temporary edge protection, which are as follows:

• Class A - protection for flat surfaces and pitched roofing up to an angle of 10°.
• Class B - protection for flat surfaces and pitched roofing up to an angle of 30°.
• Class C - protection for steeply pitched roofing up to an angle of 60°.

The most common solutions you will find include Net Barrier Systems, Mesh Barrier Systems, Counterweight Systems, Tubular Guardrail solutions and Screen Protection Systems. Each one of these comes with its own benefits and limitations, so it is important that you choose the appropriate edge protection for every project.

Here's a little info in the most common types:

Mesh Barriers

Most comply to EN 13374 Class A, though there are some that will meet Class B requirements. They incorporate a guardrail, toe board and mesh infill all together. The result is a high containment level and a good feeling of operative safety. They are simple to install but still look professional.

Net Barriers

These are fall arrest systems that use absorbing safety nets offering fall arrest and a high containment level. They involve a safety net that spans between secondary support posts up to 10 metres apart, and meet the needs of EN 13374 Class C.

Tubular Guardrails

These involve scaffold tubes and fittings to provide edge protection. The use of tube & fittings can provide a very versatile solution as the scaffold can be fixed in several ways to suit the circumstances on site, including fixing to walls or steelwork. Unlike proprietary off the shelf systems a tube & fitting edge protection will need a design, however it is possible to design an edge protection capable of meeting the requirements for a Class A, B or C roof.

Self-Climbing Screen Protection

Compliant with EN 13374 Class A, and with a high containment level, these multi-height climbing systems encase the perimeter of a building using mesh, wood, netting or sheeting. It makes operatives feel safe but does take time to install and can be vulnerable to wind loads, so need to be well planned.

Many sites use more than one of the above systems, particularly when there are different requirements in different areas. This is good practice, as long as the systems work well together and are fully compliant with EN 13374. A good scaffold design firm will be able to ensure different systems still meet compliance demands even when combined, meaning you have a safe and fully legitimate site. Always ensure your edge protection is up to standard - the consequences of not doing so can be dire.

Access Design & Safety were shocked to hear about the recent scaffolding collapse in Reading town centre, which left three people requiring hospital attention. The incident occurred on Garrard Street at the site of the old Friars Walk Shopping Centre. Shortly before 11:15 on 1st August, large sections of the scaffolding came crashing to the ground.
Click here to see if your Scaffold Design meets TG20:13 guidelines!
According to one eyewitness, "People started running away and when everything collapsed one lady was caught by the scaffolding and cut her hand." Another said there was an "almighty crash and lots of dust and debris. It was horrifying, very shocking and very concerning".

Ambulances and firefighters were called to the scene. The fire service used thermal imaging equipment to check that nobody was trapped by the falling scaffolding. Thankfully, there appear to have been no further casualties.

Three people were taken to hospital suffering from injuries due to the collapse; a site worker and a couple who were passing by at the time of the collapse. Thankfully, the injuries proved to be relatively minor - the site worker sustained a head injury and a lady ended up with a cut hand, whilst her companion was treated for shock. A spokesman for the South Central Ambulance Service said, "Our emergency operations control room team took upwards of 10 emergency calls from around 11.15am all reporting a scaffolding collapse at the former Friars Walk shopping centre. We have assessed three patients who sustained minor injuries as a result of the collapse. We are remaining on scene to support colleagues from the Royal Berkshire fire and rescue service."

The scaffolding was surrounding the old shopping centre, which was in the process of being demolished as part of the area's redevelopment. It's currently not clear why the scaffolding collapsed, although the Health and Safety Executive have been informed and are currently conducting enquiries in order to establish what the cause of the collapse might be, as well as what lessons (if any) may be learned from the incident. However, despite this incident being widely reported as a ‘scaffold collapse’ this could be wide off the mark. From the images we have seen it appears that it could have been a building collapse that took the scaffolding with it.

We are just thankful that the casualties of this incident were relatively few in number and the injuries sustained of a minor nature. We’ll keep you informed of any further developments to this story.

Here are some other blog articles that may be of interest to you:

• How Can I Ensure Safe Working Conditions When Working At Height?
• Working At Height On Scaffolding: What Are The Regulations?

Image source: BBC

The UK is looking ahead and pondering what will change following the expected departure from the European Union (EU). In many cases, there seem to be more question marks than answers. The construction sector is no different - business owners, managers and workers wish to know if their day-to-day duties will be altered in any way after the country finally departs from the EU.

Click here to see if your Scaffold Design meets TG20:13 guidelines!

In this article, we put a specific issue within construction under the microscope: how will construction workers who use scaffolding be affected by Brexit?

A Guarantee From The HSE

At Access Design, we deal with scaffolding design, so we must carefully consider Health & Safety regulations. We took note of a statement issued by the Health & Safety Executive (HSE), the body which governs Health & Safety in the UK. The HSE states clearly that "Health & Safety protections, and your duties to protect the health and safety of people, will not change with Brexit."

This is a statement that appears to be directed at employers and it also reveals that - as far as workers are concerned – changes to scaffolding safety standards are unlikely to change post-Brexit. That means scaffolding designs will still be necessary and will be held to the same high standard.

Business As Usual

The only notable changes which the HSE has made so far is the removal of references to the EU on its website. The body has made assurances that legal requirements - including those for scaffolding safety and working at height on construction sites in the UK - will remain the same as they are now, even after the UK leaves the EU. This includes the protections that those regulations currently provide for workers.

No Deal?

As Britain continues to negotiate the terms of Brexit, in the event that a Brexit deal cannot be reached, the HSE has stated that it will continue with the same approach - so the existing health and safety standards and regulations, such as TG:20 guidelines relevant to scaffolding safety, will remain.

Keeping The Bar High

Even before the HSE issued their clarification, the good news is that UK companies had already expressed a desire to uphold the same safety standards, even in the case that regulations were relaxed. We think that speaks volumes of the professionalism within British construction; a sector that Access Design is proud to be a part of.

No matter what the nature or size of the project you are working on, if the project requires scaffolding, it is essential that the design of your scaffolding follows certain requirements. This is to ensure that not only your scaffolding will be safe for workers to use, but also that your project can be completed in the most efficient way possible.

So, What Exactly Are Some Scaffold Design Requirements?

The Work at Height 2005 Regulations states that scaffolding must be designed to bespoke requirements unless the scaffolding is being assembled to a general standard configuration. This means that a scaffold design must be unique to the location and job it is being used to complete. It is also essential that a scaffolding design is created by a qualified and competent individual or company.

Another requirement of a scaffolding design is the consideration for how the scaffolding will be erected and dismantled safely. How the scaffolding will be erected must be considered at the beginning of the design process to ensure the project can be completed smoothly.

The individual or company responsible for designing the scaffold must take into account certain factors when creating a scaffolding design, such as the length of time the scaffolding will be used, where the scaffolding will be placed, maximum loads the scaffolding will need to hold and the intended use of the scaffolding, among other factors. As a necessary requirement, a designer must consider all these factors when creating a scaffolding design, or the scaffolding may be unsafe or unfit for use.

What Happens If These Requirements Are Ignored?

If you fail to meet the necessary scaffold design requirements, there are a number of complications and costly consequences that may occur. For example, if erected scaffolding doesn't meet safety requirements, both workers and pedestrians could be at risk. If a worker is injured, not only could this be dangerous and potentially life-threatening, but there may be costly legal expenses following their accident.

How Can You Be Sure You Have Met All The Important Scaffold Design Requirements?

The most cost-efficient and practical way to ensure you have met safety requirements is to seek the help of a professional who will take care of your scaffolding design for you, ensuring you have total peace of mind.

Access Design has been delivering a high-quality scaffold design service since 2010 by utilising frame analysis, CAD and wind loading analysis software. With our experience and expert knowledge, we are able to create exceptional scaffolding design drawings and calculations that meet all scaffold design requirements.

Although both interior and exterior scaffolding can provide a similar function, there may be significant differences in the considerations taken during design. Here we take a look at some of the key potential differences between interior scaffolding design and an exterior design.

Freestanding vs Tied

The first, and most obvious difference is that generally we do not consider wind loadings when designing internal scaffolding. Typically, ties to an interior scaffolding will not be subjected to such high loads as an exterior structure will.

Flooring Considerations

Interior flooring surfaces are frequently less robust than an exterior ground surface, so generally more consideration will be given to the leg loads imposed on the floor. Also, consideration is given to the possible need to spread the loads to multiple floors with back propping. In addition to weight-bearing considerations, there can also be the need to minimise cosmetic damage to the floor. As a consequence, interior scaffolding may require protection on the footings.

Is TG:20 The Best Option?

The introduction of TG:20 was, in part, intended to remove the necessity for a bespoke design for every piece of scaffolding. Whilst the standard scaffolds contained within it are a useful generic guide, there are frequently occasions when an individualised design is required and can even represent better value overall. TG:20 is a set of guidelines rather than legislation, giving scaffolding companies the option to use more economical, bespoke designs from an experienced design company if they wish.

Could Bespoke Scaffolding Interior Design Be A Better Option?

The use of TG:20 guidelines will result in a generic structure which is fit for purpose in many situations, but with limited flexibility. And whilst TG:20 eliminates the need for an individual design, it may also mean that cost-savings, function and innovative solutions to tricky interior design challenges are overlooked. This can be particularly beneficial when considering the extra complexities that can come with working in small interior spaces. With this in mind, as well as location-dependent variables, a bespoke design can often be the best option.

Access Design have decades of experience in construction and can give you experienced, expert advice. Contact Access Design today for help and guidance on scaffold designs - click here to get in touch. You can also download our free guide to When Scaffolding Does And Doesn't Need A Design by clicking here. 

Being a company that specialises in scaffolding design, there are many areas of Health & Safety that we deal with, including building regulations and scaffold regulations. Brexit has cast a cloud of uncertainty over many compliance issues in the UK, including Health & Safety regulations, so in this article we take a look at the post-Brexit landscape and pre-empt which rules could change.

The HSE's Promise

It is the Health & Safety Executive (HSE) which looks after Health & Safety in the UK. Perhaps anticipating the clamour for more information about how things will stand after Brexit, they have issued a statement that concerns UK Health & Safety regulations following the UK's exit from the European Union (EU).

According to the HSE, 'health and safety protections, and your duties to protect the health and safety of people, will not change with Brexit.'

There have been some minor amendments to the links on the HSE's website in order to remove references to the EU. However, the HSE has made assurances that legal requirements will remain the same as they are now after Britain's EU exit, and so will the protections that the regulations provide.

Business As Usual

The HSE has advised businesses that after Brexit, they should carry on managing their activities and employees in a manner that protects people, is considerate to the environment, and reduces risk. The key principle is that organisations' obligations towards the people they are responsible for will not change with regards to Health & Safety.

Deal, Or No Deal?

At the time of writing, a deal has not been agreed that includes the terms of the UK's departure from the EU. However, it should be noted that even in the event of no deal, the HSE has set out that its approach will be to preserve the existing standards of the regulations that are currently in place, allowing Britain to protect its environment and the people who inhabit it. In the case of work equipment and machinery, the priority will remain to ensure that only products which are compliant and safe are placed on the market. The changes which have been made to the legal product safety framework by the HSE have been done so in order to allow the framework to continue to be operable in the event of no deal.

Whether it's construction safety or TG:20 guidelines, the central message is that businesses need not worry too much about impending changes to Health & Safety regulations post-Brexit, because the HSE is committed to keeping them the same.

Have any questions on Health & Safety pertaining to scaffolding design? Call the experts at Access Design today on 

01384 459090

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Image source: Pixabay

Every scaffolding project is different and has its own set of unique requirements. As such, it can be difficult to determine at what stage of the scaffolding process design drawings should be completed. Unfortunately, there is no one-answer-fits-all solution to this question, but, in general, design drawings should be considered as early in the design process as possible. We explore the reasons for this and look at planning scaffolding in more detail below…

Download The Guide To When A Scaffolding Does And Doesn't need A Design

Steps To Take When Planning Scaffolding

1. Bespoke Calculation

Unique calculations must be made for each scaffolding structure. Before calculations can be produced, it needs to be determined what load the scaffolding is to support. There are different load classes from very light duty to heavy duty. The correct load class is determined by considering the use of the scaffold. In addition to this, the effects of wind on external scaffolding is also considered. In compliance with the Work at Height Regulations 2005, only scaffolding created to a generally recognised standard configuration do not require bespoke calculations.

2. Scaffolding Requirements

It is important for a scaffold designer to be aware of any specific requirements a project may have so a scaffolding structure can be designed to properly support these needs. Factors such as the length of time the scaffolding will be needed, the condition of the surface the scaffolding will be on and any erection/dismantling complications will need to be carefully considered during the planning process to ensure the scaffolding design is safe and functional.

3. Design

Only after the above criteria is carefully considered should a scaffolding company seek a scaffolding design. The design process should involve the design company or individual finalising the type of scaffolding, the scaffolding dimensions and details of unique elements such as fans or loading bays.

When Are Scaffold Design Drawings Required?

There is no specific time in the planning process when scaffold design drawings are required, but should you require a design for your scaffolding, it is best to have the drawing completed as early as possible.

Having scaffold design drawings can help an individual to visualise their scaffolding and may be required by some construction companies as standard. Once you have decided that you require scaffold design drawings, it is important to speak to your designers before receiving a scaffolding quote. This will ensure your quote is fair, accurate and the design cost has been accounted for. Similarly, scaffolders should be provided with a written design brief from a client before requesting scaffold design drawings as per the British standard BS 5973.

If you are unsure whether or not you require scaffold design drawings for your project, it is best you speak to an expert. At Access Design, we are fully insured scaffolding design specialists and are more than happy to answer any questions about scaffolding you may have.

Whether for a commercial or domestic project, knowing how to construct scaffolding correctly can be difficult, as it is hard to know whether your scaffolding build needs a design. Even if your project seems relatively straight-forward and has no special requirements, a design may still be necessary. So, let's explore scaffolding design in more detail…

Download The Guide To When A Scaffolding Does And Doesn't need A Design

What Is A Scaffolding Design?

A scaffolding design consists of drawing(s) and bespoke calculations designed to a particular brief given to or agreed with a designer. The completed drawings will have been proven to work and be proven and compliant while meeting the pre-agreed requirements.

Why Do Only Some Projects Require A Design?

In compliance with the Work at Height Regulations 2005 it is a requirement that unless a scaffold is built to a generally recognised standard configuration - for example, NASC Technical Guidance TG:20 for tube and fitting scaffolds or similar - scaffolding needs to be designed and created through bespoke calculations. These calculations must be completed by a competent individual who can make such judgements.

For example, scaffolding projects that usually require a unique design include:

• shoring scaffolding
• temporary roof scaffolding
• independent scaffolding higher than 50m
• bridged scaffolding (with bridge greater than 6m)
• free standing scaffolding (apart from TG:20 compliant access towers)

What Are The Consequences Of Erecting A Scaffolding Structure Without A Design?

If a scaffolding structure requiring a design is erected without one, there could be multiple legal and financial consequences. Most importantly, workers and pedestrians will be put at risk as the scaffolding will most likely be unsafe for use. If a worker is injured as a result of unsuitable scaffolding, this will not only delay the project but could be mean extra costs and further legal and financial action. Insurance claims may also be invalid if erected scaffolding did not receive proper planning, putting a project at further risk.

How To Know If You Need A Scaffolding Design

If you are aware of how to construct scaffolding but are unsure about whether or not you need a scaffolding design, it is important that you educate yourself on the matter and do not leave it to chance. By reading our guide to scaffolding designs you will be armed with all the information you need about whether or not you need a scaffolding design.

Finding the right scaffolding solution is an important element in many construction projects and often the scaffold will need to be designed, so ensuring that the design is created by specialists who understand the nuances of each location can be very important. But what are the key things to think about when getting a scaffold design?

Click here to see if your Scaffold Design meets TG20:13 guidelines!

In this article, we share some advice on how to help make sure your scaffold designer has all the information they need to produce the right design.

No Substitute For Accuracy

Scaffolding design from leading companies takes advantage of the latest technologies - from CAD to wind loading analysis software and frame analysis. The use of modern software packages gives designers the ability to produce more detailed and accurate designs, however this is still limited by the quality and accuracy of the information given to the designer. The better the information, the more accurate design plans for scaffolding, formwork and falsework will be.

Adequate Preparation

Scaffolding design is essential to ensure that each job has a scaffolding structure that is tailored to the nature of the construction site and the work itself, as well as ticking off safety measures and avoiding any legal or compliance issues. Before the scaffold designer starts work on the design, they must be made aware of any obstructions that need to be avoided or bridged over and any doorways or access routes that need to be kept clear.

There may also be other issues regarding the location of a scaffold that they need to be aware of such as underground voids or services or the proximity of roads or railway lines. The scaffold designer should have a good understanding of the site in the area where the scaffold is required; it may be a good idea to consider arranging for the designer to visit the site so that they can more easily visualise the immediate surroundings and where the scaffold is going to be, as well as get the opportunity to take measurements and further increase the amount of information they have to work with. Often there is a charge for this service, but it may save the time and expense of having the design revised afterwards.

Guardrail Guidelines

Guardrails are an essential safety measure to help prevent falls during ongoing construction projects. Generally, edge protection will consist of a top rail, lower rail, and toe board with the top rail at 1.1m high and gaps between the rails of no more than 470mm. If edge protection is situated on a pitched roof with the handrails running perpendicular to the slope of the roof, then consideration must be given to the angle of the roof. There are three different edge protection classes for pitched roofs for various pitch angles - each has a different set of requirements. If the handrails run in the same direction of the slope i.e. along a gable end, then this can be classed as a flat roof.

Thought must also be given to the how and where the edge protection will be fixed to the permanent structure. If there isn’t anything to fix to, a free standing edge protection may be the only solution - however, kentledge may be required to prevent overturning or sliding.

Access Design & Safety are scaffolding design specialists servicing a wide range of sectors - from commercial to education and government. Call us today on 

01384 459090

 for help and guidance on your next building.

Image source: http://cisrs.org.uk

Scaffolding can be a most rewarding career, but it can also be a dangerous one for anyone who hasn't received the correct training and supervision. The CISRS (Construction Industry Scaffolders Record Scheme) was established in the 1960s and is the recognised qualification in the UK for anyone working in the scaffolding industry.Click here to see if your Scaffold Design meets TG20:13 guidelines!The CISRS has continually evolved as changes in legislation and technology have moved forwards and the scheme is held in high regard within the sector. The industry's preferred scheme - the CISRS - offer a range of courses designed for varying roles and for those with every level of experience and responsibility.

The Importance Of The CISRS

The importance of a nationally recognised and accredited range of qualifications for those working in scaffolding has never been higher. Workplace fatality figures continue to highlight the risks faced by scaffolders. In 2017/18 the highest number of deaths at work was from those working at height - 35 out of 144 workplace fatalities resulted from a fall from height. The figure has actually risen in recent years.

The CISRS is the recognised scaffolding qualification for all the major organisations which operate in and influence the scaffolding industry, including Build UK NASC, CSCS, HSE, UNITE. Holding a CISRS card opens the door for employment opportunities and for career progression.

How To Become A CISRS Cardholder

There are a variety of different CISRS cards available for those wanting to work in the scaffolding industry or for those looking to improve their knowledge and skill.

Each card has different training and testing requirements. Teaching is delivered by accredited centres and is a mix of classroom-based theory, online learning and practical exercises. Once you've gained your card, it will be valid for five years.

The Range Of CISRS Scaffold Inspection Cards Available

The CISRS Trainee Scaffolder Card enables those who complete the course to be considered as trainee scaffolders undertaking tasks under the supervision of an experienced and qualified scaffolder.

The CISRS Basic Scaffold Inspection Card is gained from a three-day course aimed at anyone who is responsible for undertaking statutory scaffold inspections on basic structures.

The CISRS Advanced Scaffold Inspection Card is awarded upon completion of a two-day course for those who hold the basic card and wish to progress their learning and skills. The training covers both basic and more complex scaffolding structures.

CUSTOMER:

Narford Scaffolding Ltd

CONTRACT:

RAF Feltwell

EQUIPMENT:

Tube & Fittings

DESIGN BRIEF:

ACCESS: To provide drawings and calculations for an access scaffold to the cladding above the door, outside of Hanger 5. Bridged over doorways, using nom. 1.8m bays and 2.0m lifts. Loaded to 2.00kN/m² using tube and fittings with aluminium beams.

BIRDCAGE: To provide drawings and calculations for a birdcage scaffold to give access to the underside of the hanger roof. Designed to 1.5kN/m², using tube and fittings with aluminium beams.

View all our projects here. 

CONTRACT:

Marlborough College, Marlborough - Grade II Listed Building

EQUIPMENT:

Tube & Fittings + Alu Beams + UBIX Roof System

DESIGN BRIEF:

TEMPORARY ROOF: Designed and erected in three phases. To provide drawings and calculations for a temporary roof to weather protect the building, allowing the roof to be replaced.

ACCESS: To provide drawings and calculations for a partly sheeted / partly netted, general purpose access scaffold with a bridged area to one end. Nom. 2.0m bays and 2.0m lifts. Loaded to 2.0kN/m² using tube and fittings with aluminium beams.

View all our projects here. 

CONTRACT:

St Edmund's Church, Dudley

EQUIPMENT:

Tube & Fittings + Alu Beams + Monarflex Sheeting + C.I. Sheeting

DESIGN BRIEF:

ACCESS: To provide drawings for a sheeted access scaffold to all faces of the church tower for repair works, with a C.I. sheeting roof for weather protection. Rear and rear side elevations were to be supported by beams to the top of the tower and tied front to back through windows. 1.5m-1.9m bays and 2.1m lifts. Loaded to 2.00kN/m² with wind and snow loads to roof / side sheeting.

View all our projects here. 

CONTRACT:

Randolph Hotel, Oxford

EQUIPMENT:

Tube & Fittings + Alu Beams + UBIX Roof System

DESIGN BRIEF:

TEMPORARY ROOF: To provide drawings and calculations to weather protect the central part of the hotel following a major fire, using the UBIX system.

ACCESS: To provide drawings and calculations for a façade access scaffold, and low level gantry bridged over entrance and other lower level structures. Later an additional rear access scaffold was added to the design. This was to be cripple bracket fixed to the building to avoid load on to lower roof. Nom. 2.0m bays and 2.0m lifts. Loaded to 2.0kN/m² using tube and fittings with aluminium beams.

View all our projects here. 

Scaffold design calculations are an integral part of the process for both bespoke and generic designs, ensuring a safe and sturdy scaffold.

Scaffold design calculations test and substantiate the initial drawings - assessing them to confirm that they will actually work. Without proper analysis, a design cannot be considered complete and, as such, cannot be used. A full analysis of the scaffold design is a legal requirement and the calculations may be requested as confirmation that all standard checks were undertaken and that the scaffolding will be safe.

What's Involved In Scaffold Design Calculations?

The fundamental requirements of all scaffold design calculations dictate that all calculations must include:

1. A thorough assessment of loading conditions and combinations of the scaffold.

2. An examination of the capacities of every single scaffold component to support the loads/combinations of loads involved.

3. An assessment of the rigidity and stability of all scaffold structures, ensuring adequate safety factors are included.

4. Identification of the loads the scaffold will hold. This is an absolute necessity in proving whether the scaffold itself is adequate, the structure relies upon the safe transmittal of loads, so it is essential to undertake a substantiation process for all supporting and adjacent structures.

In covering these areas, the scaffold design calculation work needs to be tailored to the specific properties of the proposed structure. For example, the calculations are different for a freestanding structure as opposed to a supported scaffold, and the design complexity plays an integral part in the process. This is why scaffold design calculations have to be undertaken by competent scaffolding engineers who understand the key complexities and considerations that must be covered.

Rules & Regulations

If you still have any doubts about how important scaffold design calculations are, know that they are backed by TG20 regulations and analysis. This is a complex and comprehensive set of technical guidance on the use of scaffolding, making up the industry regulations that ensure safe and effective usage. Failure to comply with regulations can lead to disaster, so working with a scaffold design company that is fully compliant with TG20 regulations is an essential consideration for any organisation that needs to use scaffolding.

Scaffolds are required in all sorts of locations, for all sorts of projects - new builds, renovations and sometimes even just a paint job. Although scaffolds might all seem alike, they can be very different.

Any scaffold that does not comply with TG20:13 definition of a standard scaffold should be covered by a bespoke design, unless a system scaffold is used in which case any scaffold that does not comply with the user manual should be covered by a bespoke design. Some scaffolds may consist of multiple scaffolding systems that fit together.

Without a proper, professional scaffold design, there are many things that can go wrong - from mere delays in construction to serious collapses that endanger the lives of workers and the public.

Types Of Scaffold System

There are many types of scaffolding systems and we are going to focus on 'tube and fittings' and compare these with the 'system scaffolds'.

Tube & Fittings Scaffolding

These types of scaffolding are constructed using 48.3mm diameter tube as a stable, braced structure with platforms made up of scaffold boards. The scaffold tubes must comply with BS EN 39 and are connected using load bearing couplers except where board bearers are fixed to ledgers when none load bearing wrap over couplers are generally used.

The result is a stable, safe working platform. Access is gained via a ladder or staircase, which should be fitted with the relevant safety supplies like handrails and toe boards. Tubes are available in various materials, including lightweight aluminium and galvanised steel, and everything must be fully compliant with legislation standards. Tube & fitting scaffolds must be erected by skilled qualified scaffolders.

System Scaffolding

This type of scaffold is constructed from a range of different sized vertical posts, along with diagonal and horizontal members. The vertical posts are fixed at regular space intervals, which facilitate quick connection of the diagonal and horizontal tubes. System scaffolding is a common alternative to tube and fitting scaffolds.

The biggest difference is that system scaffolding can be erected much more quickly and by unskilled labour. System scaffolding uses free bearing joints in a latch mechanism. The interlocking components form consistently-sized bays, which can be adapted for the formation of structures like Access scaffolds, protection fans, cantilevers & bridged sections as required. They are versatile and effective, requiring prefabricated parts based on a careful design.

The down side is that bay sizes are restricted to a range of set sizes. This modular nature of system scaffolds can make it difficult to scaffold around complex shapes or in areas where space is restricted.

The Importance Of A Professional Scaffolding Design Company

Whatever type of scaffolding solution you use, the role of the scaffolding engineers is essential. They have the training and skills to undertake complex designs using CAD, factoring in things like frame analysis and wind loading analysis with sophisticated software to create safe, efficient and effective scaffold structures. Without due diligence at the design phase, there can be dire consequences for all involved.

Access Design & Safety provide a comprehensive scaffold design service with fast turnaround times. Our designs are fully compliant with all legislation and covered by extensive public liability and professional indemnity insurance. Get in touch and ask about our fixed price quotes - we can provide cost-effective, safe designs that allow you to focus on getting the job done.

The Work at Height Regulations (2005) state that any bespoke scaffold must be specially designed by a competent scaffold designer. This is to ensure the final structure possesses adequate strength, stability and rigidity – meeting the standards of any modern build.

Keeping Everyone On The Same Page

At the beginning of the planning process, the first action is for the client to supply all the relevant information to the scaffold contractor. This will ensure an accurate design process by the scaffolding design company. BS 5975 section 8 states that “a design brief should be prepared to serve as the starting point for subsequent decisions, design work, calculations & drawings. All concerned with the construction should contribute towards the preparation of the brief.”

This is the project brief, and there are some essential pieces of information that must be included:

• The site location: where the project is to take place, including adjacent structures and details about the lay of the land.
• The period of time that the scaffold is required to stay in place: timescales for the intended duration of the project, including time spent on the building process itself, and whether the build will be temporary or permanent.
• Intended use of the scaffold: who or what will be based in the build and information about personnel, tools and other materials and hardware that the scaffolding will need to support.
• Height, length and other critical dimensions that will affect the scaffold: any environmental considerations that could impact on the scaffold design.
• Number of boarded lifts.
• Maximum working loads or the maximum number of people using scaffolding at any one time - vital information for assessing loads during scaffold design calculations.
• Means of access to the scaffold.
• Whether sheeting, netting or brick guards will be required.
• Any unique, specific requirements to consider, such as the proximity of the scaffold to other builds or pedestrian access points.
• Condition of the ground supporting the structure: what the foundations will be built on.
• Information about the building/structure the scaffold is to stand against: including relevant dimensions and drawings.
• Information about any limitations on the position and extent of loads imposed by the temporary works onto the permanent works. The most common limitation is on the allowed number or position of ties to the existing building / structure.
• Any local restrictions: anything that may impact the processes of building, altering or dismantling.

Scaffolding Design Companies

By providing these details in the Project Design Brief that you submit to your scaffolding contractor, the scaffold designer will have all the relevant information to create an accurate design. Many scaffold design companies will provide their own instructions and even forms to instruct the formulation of your project brief. The advice in this article gives you a general idea of the information you will need to provide.

What is the best way to outsource your scaffold design and inspection requirements? First, you will want to choose a high-quality designer. Then you will need to hire an inspector to ensure the scaffold has been erected correctly as per the design. Ideally, your designer and inspector will co-ordinate to help keep your project on schedule.

By outsourcing your scaffolding design and inspection to the same company you will ensure good communication between the inspector & the design team. You may also save on procurement costs. Let's detail each step.

1. Choose a high-quality designer

Good scaffold designers will understand safety measures and work to the correct guidelines. The HSE & NASC advise that you should use competent designers for all bespoke scaffold designs. This includes free-standing, truss-out and bridge scaffolds. Choosing a high-quality designer will guarantee that your works are safe. But how do you find a reliable contractor? Check that they have plenty of experience in designing scaffolds and make sure they have adequate insurance cover.

At Access Design and Safety Ltd, we have over 80 years of experience between our senior designers and 2.0m Professional Indemnity Insurance Our engineers are also able to check other designers' work to confirm compliance with the relevant codes of practice.

2. Hire an inspector

Look for an inspector who is accredited by the Construction Industry Scaffolders Record Scheme (CISRS) to work closely with your designer. They will co-ordinate to detect any issues and advise on necessary changes. Your inspector will expose any safety issues, such as frailty during high winds, and identify any areas that haven’t been erected in accordance with the design. This assurance is just one reason that our clients choose our design and scaffolding inspection services.

3. Outsource design and inspection to the same company

Outsourcing to the same company means good communication between the inspector and the design team, which can help to reduce delays, and ultimately save time and money.

Choose Access Design & Safety Ltd for design and inspection and we will provide you with a fixed quote usually within 24 hours, with most designs returned within 5 working days. You can also enjoy peace of mind with our insurance cover, which includes £5.0m public liability and £2.0m professional indemnity insurance.

Above all, we prioritise quality and professionalism in our work. Our track record is excellent. We have led successful projects for clients such as RAF Feltwell in Norfolk, the Randolph Hotel in Oxford and King’s Cross railway station in London. We are also associate members of the Scaffold Association and information members of the NASC which keeps us up to date with all the latest industry news and developments.